Source Code for Module pypower.t.t_opf_pips

  1  # Copyright (C) 2004-2011 Power System Engineering Research Center (PSERC) 
  2  # Copyright (C) 2011 Richard Lincoln 
  3  # 
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 10  # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY], without even the implied warranty of 
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 15  # along with PYPOWER. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. 
 16   
 17  """Tests for PIPS-based AC optimal power flow. 
 18  """ 
 19   
 20  from os.path import dirname, join 
 21   
 22  from numpy import array, ones, zeros, Inf, r_, ix_, argsort, arange 
 23   
 24  from scipy.io import loadmat 
 25  from scipy.sparse import spdiags, csr_matrix as sparse 
 26   
 27  from pypower.ppoption import ppoption 
 28  from pypower.runopf import runopf 
 29  from pypower.loadcase import loadcase 
 30  from pypower.opf import opf 
 31   
 32  from pypower.idx_bus import \ 
 33      BUS_AREA, BASE_KV, VMIN, VM, VA, LAM_P, LAM_Q, MU_VMIN, MU_VMAX 
 34   
 35  from pypower.idx_gen import \ 
 36      GEN_BUS, QMAX, QMIN, MBASE, APF, PG, QG, VG, MU_PMAX, MU_QMIN, \ 
 37      PC1, PC2, QC1MIN, QC1MAX, QC2MIN, QC2MAX 
 38   
 39  from pypower.idx_brch import \ 
 40      ANGMAX, PF, QT, MU_SF, MU_ST, MU_ANGMAX, MU_ANGMIN, ANGMIN 
 41   
 42  from pypower.idx_cost import NCOST 
 43   
 44  from pypower.t.t_begin import t_begin 
 45  from pypower.t.t_is import t_is 
 46  from pypower.t.t_ok import t_ok 
 47  from pypower.t.t_end import t_end 
 48   
 49   
 50 -def t_opf_pips(quiet=False): 
 51      """Tests for PIPS-based AC optimal power flow. 
 52   
 53      @author: Ray Zimmerman (PSERC Cornell) 
 54      @author: Richard Lincoln 
 55      """ 
 56      num_tests = 101 
 57   
 58      t_begin(num_tests, quiet) 
 59   
 60      tdir = dirname(__file__) 
 61      casefile = join(tdir, 't_case9_opf') 
 62      verbose = 0#not quiet 
 63   
 64      t0 = 'PIPS : ' 
 65      ppopt = ppoption(OPF_VIOLATION=1e-6, PDIPM_GRADTOL=1e-8, 
 66                     PDIPM_COMPTOL=1e-8, PDIPM_COSTTOL=1e-9) 
 67      ppopt = ppoption(ppopt, OUT_ALL=0, VERBOSE=verbose, OPF_ALG=560) 
 68   
 69      ## set up indices 
 70      ib_data     = r_[arange(BUS_AREA + 1), arange(BASE_KV, VMIN + 1)] 
 71      ib_voltage  = arange(VM, VA + 1) 
 72      ib_lam      = arange(LAM_P, LAM_Q + 1) 
 73      ib_mu       = arange(MU_VMAX, MU_VMIN + 1) 
 74      ig_data     = r_[[GEN_BUS, QMAX, QMIN], arange(MBASE, APF + 1)] 
 75      ig_disp     = array([PG, QG, VG]) 
 76      ig_mu       = arange(MU_PMAX, MU_QMIN + 1) 
 77      ibr_data    = arange(ANGMAX + 1) 
 78      ibr_flow    = arange(PF, QT + 1) 
 79      ibr_mu      = array([MU_SF, MU_ST]) 
 80      ibr_angmu   = array([MU_ANGMIN, MU_ANGMAX]) 
 81   
 82      ## get solved AC power flow case from MAT-file 
 83      soln9_opf = loadmat(join(tdir, 'soln9_opf.mat'), struct_as_record=True) 
 84      ## defines bus_soln, gen_soln, branch_soln, f_soln 
 85      bus_soln = soln9_opf['bus_soln'] 
 86      gen_soln = soln9_opf['gen_soln'] 
 87      branch_soln = soln9_opf['branch_soln'] 
 88      f_soln = soln9_opf['f_soln'][0] 
 89   
 90      ## run OPF 
 91      t = t0 
 92      r = runopf(casefile, ppopt) 
 93      bus, gen, branch, f, success = \ 
 94              r['bus'], r['gen'], r['branch'], r['f'], r['success'] 
 95      t_ok(success, [t, 'success']) 
 96      t_is(f, f_soln, 3, [t, 'f']) 
 97      t_is(   bus[:, ib_data   ],    bus_soln[:, ib_data   ], 10, [t, 'bus data']) 
 98      t_is(   bus[:, ib_voltage],    bus_soln[:, ib_voltage],  3, [t, 'bus voltage']) 
 99      t_is(   bus[:, ib_lam    ],    bus_soln[:, ib_lam    ],  3, [t, 'bus lambda']) 
100      t_is(   bus[:, ib_mu     ],    bus_soln[:, ib_mu     ],  2, [t, 'bus mu']) 
101      t_is(   gen[:, ig_data   ],    gen_soln[:, ig_data   ], 10, [t, 'gen data']) 
102      t_is(   gen[:, ig_disp   ],    gen_soln[:, ig_disp   ],  3, [t, 'gen dispatch']) 
103      t_is(   gen[:, ig_mu     ],    gen_soln[:, ig_mu     ],  3, [t, 'gen mu']) 
104      t_is(branch[:, ibr_data  ], branch_soln[:, ibr_data  ], 10, [t, 'branch data']) 
105      t_is(branch[:, ibr_flow  ], branch_soln[:, ibr_flow  ],  3, [t, 'branch flow']) 
106      t_is(branch[:, ibr_mu    ], branch_soln[:, ibr_mu    ],  2, [t, 'branch mu']) 
107   
108      ## run with automatic conversion of single-block pwl to linear costs 
109      t = ''.join([t0, '(single-block PWL) : ']) 
110      ppc = loadcase(casefile) 
111      ppc['gencost'][2, NCOST] = 2 
112      r = runopf(ppc, ppopt) 
113      bus, gen, branch, f, success = \ 
114              r['bus'], r['gen'], r['branch'], r['f'], r['success'] 
115      t_ok(success, [t, 'success']) 
116      t_is(f, f_soln, 3, [t, 'f']) 
117      t_is(   bus[:, ib_data   ],    bus_soln[:, ib_data   ], 10, [t, 'bus data']) 
118      t_is(   bus[:, ib_voltage],    bus_soln[:, ib_voltage],  3, [t, 'bus voltage']) 
119      t_is(   bus[:, ib_lam    ],    bus_soln[:, ib_lam    ],  3, [t, 'bus lambda']) 
120      t_is(   bus[:, ib_mu     ],    bus_soln[:, ib_mu     ],  2, [t, 'bus mu']) 
121      t_is(   gen[:, ig_data   ],    gen_soln[:, ig_data   ], 10, [t, 'gen data']) 
122      t_is(   gen[:, ig_disp   ],    gen_soln[:, ig_disp   ],  3, [t, 'gen dispatch']) 
123      t_is(   gen[:, ig_mu     ],    gen_soln[:, ig_mu     ],  3, [t, 'gen mu']) 
124      t_is(branch[:, ibr_data  ], branch_soln[:, ibr_data  ], 10, [t, 'branch data']) 
125      t_is(branch[:, ibr_flow  ], branch_soln[:, ibr_flow  ],  3, [t, 'branch flow']) 
126      t_is(branch[:, ibr_mu    ], branch_soln[:, ibr_mu    ],  2, [t, 'branch mu']) 
127      xr = r_[r['var']['val']['Va'], r['var']['val']['Vm'], r['var']['val']['Pg'], 
128              r['var']['val']['Qg'], 0, r['var']['val']['y']] 
129      t_is(r['x'], xr, 8, [t, 'check on raw x returned from OPF']) 
130   
131      ## get solved AC power flow case from MAT-file 
132      soln9_opf_Plim = loadmat(join(tdir, 'soln9_opf_Plim.mat'), struct_as_record=True) 
133      ## defines bus_soln, gen_soln, branch_soln, f_soln 
134      bus_soln = soln9_opf_Plim['bus_soln'] 
135      gen_soln = soln9_opf_Plim['gen_soln'] 
136      branch_soln = soln9_opf_Plim['branch_soln'] 
137      f_soln = soln9_opf_Plim['f_soln'][0] 
138   
139      ## run OPF with active power line limits 
140      t = ''.join([t0, '(P line lim) : ']) 
141      ppopt1 = ppoption(ppopt, OPF_FLOW_LIM=1) 
142      r = runopf(casefile, ppopt1) 
143      bus, gen, branch, f, success = \ 
144              r['bus'], r['gen'], r['branch'], r['f'], r['success'] 
145      t_ok(success, [t, 'success']) 
146      t_is(f, f_soln, 3, [t, 'f']) 
147      t_is(   bus[:, ib_data   ],    bus_soln[:, ib_data   ], 10, [t, 'bus data']) 
148      t_is(   bus[:, ib_voltage],    bus_soln[:, ib_voltage],  3, [t, 'bus voltage']) 
149      t_is(   bus[:, ib_lam    ],    bus_soln[:, ib_lam    ],  3, [t, 'bus lambda']) 
150      t_is(   bus[:, ib_mu     ],    bus_soln[:, ib_mu     ],  2, [t, 'bus mu']) 
151      t_is(   gen[:, ig_data   ],    gen_soln[:, ig_data   ], 10, [t, 'gen data']) 
152      t_is(   gen[:, ig_disp   ],    gen_soln[:, ig_disp   ],  3, [t, 'gen dispatch']) 
153      t_is(   gen[:, ig_mu     ],    gen_soln[:, ig_mu     ],  3, [t, 'gen mu']) 
154      t_is(branch[:, ibr_data  ], branch_soln[:, ibr_data  ], 10, [t, 'branch data']) 
155      t_is(branch[:, ibr_flow  ], branch_soln[:, ibr_flow  ],  3, [t, 'branch flow']) 
156      t_is(branch[:, ibr_mu    ], branch_soln[:, ibr_mu    ],  2, [t, 'branch mu']) 
157   
158      ##-----  test OPF with quadratic gen costs moved to generalized costs  ----- 
159      ppc = loadcase(casefile) 
160      ppc['gencost'] = array([ 
161          [2,   1500, 0,   3,   0.11,    5,   0], 
162          [2,   2000, 0,   3,   0.085,   1.2, 0], 
163          [2,   3000, 0,   3,   0.1225,  1,   0] 
164      ]) 
165      r = runopf(ppc, ppopt) 
166      bus_soln, gen_soln, branch_soln, f_soln, success = \ 
167              r['bus'], r['gen'], r['branch'], r['f'], r['success'] 
168      branch_soln = branch_soln[:, :MU_ST + 1] 
169   
170      A = None 
171      l = array([]) 
172      u = array([]) 
173      nb = ppc['bus'].shape[0]      # number of buses 
174      ng = ppc['gen'].shape[0]      # number of gens 
175      thbas = 0;                thend    = thbas + nb 
176      vbas     = thend;     vend     = vbas + nb 
177      pgbas    = vend;      pgend    = pgbas + ng 
178  #    qgbas    = pgend;     qgend    = qgbas + ng 
179      nxyz = 2 * nb + 2 * ng 
180      N = sparse((ppc['baseMVA'] * ones(ng), (arange(ng), arange(pgbas, pgend))), (ng, nxyz)) 
181      fparm = ones((ng, 1)) * array([[1, 0, 0, 1]]) 
182      ix = argsort(ppc['gen'][:, 0]) 
183      H = 2 * spdiags(ppc['gencost'][ix, 4], 0, ng, ng, 'csr') 
184      Cw = ppc['gencost'][ix, 5] 
185      ppc['gencost'][:, 4:7] = 0 
186   
187      ## run OPF with quadratic gen costs moved to generalized costs 
188      t = ''.join([t0, 'w/quadratic generalized gen cost : ']) 
189      r = opf(ppc, A, l, u, ppopt, N, fparm, H, Cw) 
190      f, bus, gen, branch, success = \ 
191              r['f'], r['bus'], r['gen'], r['branch'], r['success'] 
192      t_ok(success, [t, 'success']) 
193      t_is(f, f_soln, 3, [t, 'f']) 
194      t_is(   bus[:, ib_data   ],    bus_soln[:, ib_data   ], 10, [t, 'bus data']) 
195      t_is(   bus[:, ib_voltage],    bus_soln[:, ib_voltage],  3, [t, 'bus voltage']) 
196      t_is(   bus[:, ib_lam    ],    bus_soln[:, ib_lam    ],  3, [t, 'bus lambda']) 
197      t_is(   bus[:, ib_mu     ],    bus_soln[:, ib_mu     ],  2, [t, 'bus mu']) 
198      t_is(   gen[:, ig_data   ],    gen_soln[:, ig_data   ], 10, [t, 'gen data']) 
199      t_is(   gen[:, ig_disp   ],    gen_soln[:, ig_disp   ],  3, [t, 'gen dispatch']) 
200      t_is(   gen[:, ig_mu     ],    gen_soln[:, ig_mu     ],  3, [t, 'gen mu']) 
201      t_is(branch[:, ibr_data  ], branch_soln[:, ibr_data  ], 10, [t, 'branch data']) 
202      t_is(branch[:, ibr_flow  ], branch_soln[:, ibr_flow  ],  3, [t, 'branch flow']) 
203      t_is(branch[:, ibr_mu    ], branch_soln[:, ibr_mu    ],  2, [t, 'branch mu']) 
204      t_is(r['cost']['usr'], f, 12, [t, 'user cost']) 
205   
206      ##-----  run OPF with extra linear user constraints & costs  ----- 
207      ## single new z variable constrained to be greater than or equal to 
208      ## deviation from 1 pu voltage at bus 1, linear cost on this z 
209      ## get solved AC power flow case from MAT-file 
210      soln9_opf_extras1 = loadmat(join(tdir, 'soln9_opf_extras1.mat'), struct_as_record=True) 
211      ## defines bus_soln, gen_soln, branch_soln, f_soln 
212      bus_soln = soln9_opf_extras1['bus_soln'] 
213      gen_soln = soln9_opf_extras1['gen_soln'] 
214      branch_soln = soln9_opf_extras1['branch_soln'] 
215      f_soln = soln9_opf_extras1['f_soln'][0] 
216   
217      row = [0, 0, 1, 1] 
218      col = [9, 24, 9, 24] 
219      A = sparse(([-1, 1, 1, 1], (row, col)), (2, 25)) 
220      u = array([Inf, Inf]) 
221      l = array([-1, 1]) 
222   
223      N = sparse(([1], ([0], [24])), (1, 25))    ## new z variable only 
224      fparm = array([[1, 0, 0, 1]])              ## w = r = z 
225      H = sparse((1, 1))                ## no quadratic term 
226      Cw = array([100.0]) 
227   
228      t = ''.join([t0, 'w/extra constraints & costs 1 : ']) 
229      r = opf(casefile, A, l, u, ppopt, N, fparm, H, Cw) 
230      f, bus, gen, branch, success = \ 
231              r['f'], r['bus'], r['gen'], r['branch'], r['success'] 
232      t_ok(success, [t, 'success']) 
233      t_is(f, f_soln, 3, [t, 'f']) 
234      t_is(   bus[:, ib_data   ],    bus_soln[:, ib_data   ], 10, [t, 'bus data']) 
235      t_is(   bus[:, ib_voltage],    bus_soln[:, ib_voltage],  3, [t, 'bus voltage']) 
236      t_is(   bus[:, ib_lam    ],    bus_soln[:, ib_lam    ],  3, [t, 'bus lambda']) 
237      t_is(   bus[:, ib_mu     ],    bus_soln[:, ib_mu     ],  2, [t, 'bus mu']) 
238      t_is(   gen[:, ig_data   ],    gen_soln[:, ig_data   ], 10, [t, 'gen data']) 
239      t_is(   gen[:, ig_disp   ],    gen_soln[:, ig_disp   ],  3, [t, 'gen dispatch']) 
240      t_is(   gen[:, ig_mu     ],    gen_soln[:, ig_mu     ],  3, [t, 'gen mu']) 
241      t_is(branch[:, ibr_data  ], branch_soln[:, ibr_data  ], 10, [t, 'branch data']) 
242      t_is(branch[:, ibr_flow  ], branch_soln[:, ibr_flow  ],  3, [t, 'branch flow']) 
243      t_is(branch[:, ibr_mu    ], branch_soln[:, ibr_mu    ],  2, [t, 'branch mu']) 
244      t_is(r['var']['val']['z'], 0.025419, 6, [t, 'user variable']) 
245      t_is(r['cost']['usr'], 2.5419, 4, [t, 'user cost']) 
246   
247      ##-----  test OPF with capability curves  ----- 
248      ppc = loadcase(join(tdir, 't_case9_opfv2')) 
249      ## remove angle diff limits 
250      ppc['branch'][0, ANGMAX] =  360 
251      ppc['branch'][8, ANGMIN] = -360 
252   
253      ## get solved AC power flow case from MAT-file 
254      soln9_opf_PQcap = loadmat(join(tdir, 'soln9_opf_PQcap.mat'), struct_as_record=True) 
255      ## defines bus_soln, gen_soln, branch_soln, f_soln 
256      bus_soln = soln9_opf_PQcap['bus_soln'] 
257      gen_soln = soln9_opf_PQcap['gen_soln'] 
258      branch_soln = soln9_opf_PQcap['branch_soln'] 
259      f_soln = soln9_opf_PQcap['f_soln'][0] 
260   
261      ## run OPF with capability curves 
262      t = ''.join([t0, 'w/capability curves : ']) 
263      r = runopf(ppc, ppopt) 
264      bus, gen, branch, f, success = \ 
265              r['bus'], r['gen'], r['branch'], r['f'], r['success'] 
266      t_ok(success, [t, 'success']) 
267      t_is(f, f_soln, 3, [t, 'f']) 
268      t_is(   bus[:, ib_data   ],    bus_soln[:, ib_data   ], 10, [t, 'bus data']) 
269      t_is(   bus[:, ib_voltage],    bus_soln[:, ib_voltage],  3, [t, 'bus voltage']) 
270      t_is(   bus[:, ib_lam    ],    bus_soln[:, ib_lam    ],  3, [t, 'bus lambda']) 
271      t_is(   bus[:, ib_mu     ],    bus_soln[:, ib_mu     ],  2, [t, 'bus mu']) 
272      t_is(   gen[:, ig_data   ],    gen_soln[:, ig_data   ], 10, [t, 'gen data']) 
273      t_is(   gen[:, ig_disp   ],    gen_soln[:, ig_disp   ],  3, [t, 'gen dispatch']) 
274      t_is(   gen[:, ig_mu     ],    gen_soln[:, ig_mu     ],  3, [t, 'gen mu']) 
275      t_is(branch[:, ibr_data  ], branch_soln[:, ibr_data  ], 10, [t, 'branch data']) 
276      t_is(branch[:, ibr_flow  ], branch_soln[:, ibr_flow  ],  3, [t, 'branch flow']) 
277      t_is(branch[:, ibr_mu    ], branch_soln[:, ibr_mu    ],  2, [t, 'branch mu']) 
278   
279      ##-----  test OPF with angle difference limits  ----- 
280      ppc = loadcase(join(tdir, 't_case9_opfv2')) 
281      ## remove capability curves 
282      ppc['gen'][ix_(arange(1, 3), 
283                     [PC1, PC2, QC1MIN, QC1MAX, QC2MIN, QC2MAX])] = zeros((2, 6)) 
284   
285      ## get solved AC power flow case from MAT-file 
286      soln9_opf_ang = loadmat(join(tdir, 'soln9_opf_ang.mat'), struct_as_record=True) 
287      ## defines bus_soln, gen_soln, branch_soln, f_soln 
288      bus_soln = soln9_opf_ang['bus_soln'] 
289      gen_soln = soln9_opf_ang['gen_soln'] 
290      branch_soln = soln9_opf_ang['branch_soln'] 
291      f_soln = soln9_opf_ang['f_soln'][0] 
292   
293      ## run OPF with angle difference limits 
294      t = ''.join([t0, 'w/angle difference limits : ']) 
295      r = runopf(ppc, ppopt) 
296      bus, gen, branch, f, success = \ 
297              r['bus'], r['gen'], r['branch'], r['f'], r['success'] 
298      t_ok(success, [t, 'success']) 
299      t_is(f, f_soln, 3, [t, 'f']) 
300      t_is(   bus[:, ib_data   ],    bus_soln[:, ib_data   ], 10, [t, 'bus data']) 
301      t_is(   bus[:, ib_voltage],    bus_soln[:, ib_voltage],  3, [t, 'bus voltage']) 
302      t_is(   bus[:, ib_lam    ],    bus_soln[:, ib_lam    ],  3, [t, 'bus lambda']) 
303      t_is(   bus[:, ib_mu     ],    bus_soln[:, ib_mu     ],  1, [t, 'bus mu']) 
304      t_is(   gen[:, ig_data   ],    gen_soln[:, ig_data   ], 10, [t, 'gen data']) 
305      t_is(   gen[:, ig_disp   ],    gen_soln[:, ig_disp   ],  3, [t, 'gen dispatch']) 
306      t_is(   gen[:, ig_mu     ],    gen_soln[:, ig_mu     ],  3, [t, 'gen mu']) 
307      t_is(branch[:, ibr_data  ], branch_soln[:, ibr_data  ], 10, [t, 'branch data']) 
308      t_is(branch[:, ibr_flow  ], branch_soln[:, ibr_flow  ],  3, [t, 'branch flow']) 
309      t_is(branch[:, ibr_mu    ], branch_soln[:, ibr_mu    ],  2, [t, 'branch mu']) 
310      t_is(branch[:, ibr_angmu ], branch_soln[:, ibr_angmu ],  2, [t, 'branch angle mu']) 
311   
312      ##-----  test OPF with ignored angle difference limits  ----- 
313      ## get solved AC power flow case from MAT-file 
314      soln9_opf = loadmat(join(tdir, 'soln9_opf.mat'), struct_as_record=True) 
315      ## defines bus_soln, gen_soln, branch_soln, f_soln 
316      bus_soln = soln9_opf['bus_soln'] 
317      gen_soln = soln9_opf['gen_soln'] 
318      branch_soln = soln9_opf['branch_soln'] 
319      f_soln = soln9_opf['f_soln'][0] 
320   
321      ## run OPF with ignored angle difference limits 
322      t = ''.join([t0, 'w/ignored angle difference limits : ']) 
323      ppopt1 = ppoption(ppopt, OPF_IGNORE_ANG_LIM=1) 
324      r = runopf(ppc, ppopt1) 
325      bus, gen, branch, f, success = \ 
326              r['bus'], r['gen'], r['branch'], r['f'], r['success'] 
327      ## ang limits are not in this solution data, so let's remove them 
328      branch[0, ANGMAX] =  360 
329      branch[8, ANGMIN] = -360 
330      t_ok(success, [t, 'success']) 
331      t_is(f, f_soln, 3, [t, 'f']) 
332      t_is(   bus[:, ib_data   ],    bus_soln[:, ib_data   ], 10, [t, 'bus data']) 
333      t_is(   bus[:, ib_voltage],    bus_soln[:, ib_voltage],  3, [t, 'bus voltage']) 
334      t_is(   bus[:, ib_lam    ],    bus_soln[:, ib_lam    ],  3, [t, 'bus lambda']) 
335      t_is(   bus[:, ib_mu     ],    bus_soln[:, ib_mu     ],  2, [t, 'bus mu']) 
336      t_is(   gen[:, ig_data   ],    gen_soln[:, ig_data   ], 10, [t, 'gen data']) 
337      t_is(   gen[:, ig_disp   ],    gen_soln[:, ig_disp   ],  3, [t, 'gen dispatch']) 
338      t_is(   gen[:, ig_mu     ],    gen_soln[:, ig_mu     ],  3, [t, 'gen mu']) 
339      t_is(branch[:, ibr_data  ], branch_soln[:, ibr_data  ], 10, [t, 'branch data']) 
340      t_is(branch[:, ibr_flow  ], branch_soln[:, ibr_flow  ],  3, [t, 'branch flow']) 
341      t_is(branch[:, ibr_mu    ], branch_soln[:, ibr_mu    ],  2, [t, 'branch mu']) 
342   
343      t_end() 
344   
345   
346  if __name__ == '__main__': 
347      t_opf_pips(quiet=False) 
348